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Measurements
Linear
Measurements from Ridgway 1919 provide standard comparison between subspecies; s. Alberta data taken from live birds (CLG-T).
Bill Length (Exposed Culmen)
Western. Male mean 59.4 mm (range 58.0–63.5, n = 11); female mean 64.1 mm (range 63.0–65.0, n = 6; Ridgway 1919). For s. Alberta: male mean 60.4 mm ± 2.1 SD (range 55.2–63.5, n = 26); female mean 61.2 mm ± 2.6 SD (range 54.3–66.6, n = 25; CLG-T).
Eastern. Male mean 54.5 mm (range 53.0–58.0, n = 10); female mean 56.5 mm (range 52.5–59.0, n = 5; Ridgway 1919). Male mean 53.4 mm ± 2.1 SD (range 50–57, n = 19); female mean 56.5 mm ± 1.4 SD (range 54–59, n = 18; Wilcox 1980).
Wing Length
Western. Male wing-chord mean 205.2 mm (range 193–218, n = 11); female mean 213.5 mm (range 209.5–220, n = 6; Ridgway 1919). For s. Alberta: male mean flattened and straightened wing length on live birds 217.4 mm ± 3.8 SD (range 210–224, n = 26); female mean 222.8 mm ± 4.3 SD (range 214–232, n = 25; CLG-T).
Eastern. Male wing-chord mean 188 mm (range 180–195.5, n = 10); female mean 187 mm (range 175–191, n = 5; Ridgway 1919). Male wing chord mean 183.1 mm ± 4.0 SD (range 174–190, n = 19); female mean 193.2 mm ± 3.2 SD (range 188–198, n = 18; Wilcox 1980).
Tail Length
Western. Male mean 79.4 mm (range 73.0–84.5, n = 11); female mean 80.9 mm (range 74.0–88.0, n = 6; Ridgway 1919).
Eastern. Male mean 70.6 mm (range 67.0–74.0, n = 10); female mean 70.1 mm (range 66.5–74.0, n = 5; Ridgway 1919). Male mean 67.3 mm ± 1.8 SD (range 63–70, n = 19); female mean 71.3 mm ± 2.2 SD (range 67–75, n = 18; Wilcox 1980).
Tarsus Length
Western. Male mean 64.9 mm (range 57.0–69.0, n = 11); female mean 68.3 mm (range 66.5–70.0, n = 6; Ridgway 1919). For s. Alberta: male mean 67.1 mm ± 2.2 SD (range 63.5–71.5, n = 26); female mean 67.3 mm ± 2.4 SD (range 63.0–72.8, n = 25; CLG-T).
Eastern. Male mean 56.7 mm (range 54.0–58.5, n = 10); female mean 55.1 mm (range 51.5–58.0, n = 5; Ridgway 1919).
Mass
Western. From s. Alberta, male mean 258.0 g ± 14.3 SD (range 220–282, n = 26); female mean 282.7 g ± 16.8 SD (range 246–327, n = 25; CLG-T). Mass of 2 adults (unknown sex) captured during fall migration in Saskatchewan: 300 g, 339 g; 23 juveniles: mean 237.3 ± 22.6 SD (range 202.6–306.0; Alexander and Gratto-Trevor 1997).
Eastern. From S. Carolina, male mean 219 g (n = 6); female mean 283 g (n = 6; Tomkins 1965). From Long I., NY, male mean 207.8 g ± 5.4 SD (range 199.0–218.2, n = 19); female mean 239.8 g ± 13.5 SD (range 217.2–263.3, n = 18; Wilcox 1980).
Lowther, Peter E., Hector D. Douglas III and Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor. 2001. Willet (Tringa semipalmata), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/579
