Measurements

Linear

Bill length measured as exposed culmen varies from 16 to 23 mm for males and from 16 to 21 mm for females (Phillips 1986). Wing length measured as an unflattened chord varies from 83 to 94 for males and from 80 to 92 for females (Phillips 1986).

In Canada, for S. c. cookei, adult male wing length averages 90.6 mm (88.4–94.1 mm), tail length 47.3 mm (44.5–50.0 mm), exposed culmen 19.1 mm (18.1–20.0 mm), and tarsus 18.6 mm (17.5–19.5 mm); adult female wing length 89.5 mm (88.5–90.4 mm; Godfrey 1986).

In Ohio, wing length averages 89.0 ± 2.2 mm (n = 6) for males and 90.3 ± 1.3 mm (n = 6) for females; in Colorado, wing length averages 90.3 ± 1.6 mm (n = 6) and 89.2 ± 0.9 mm (n = 6) for males and females, respectively (Grubb 1982). Bill length (measured as exposed culmen) 20.5 ± 1.3 mm (n = 6) for males and 20.6 ± 0.8 mm (n = 6) for females in Ohio; in Colorado 19.1 ± 0.5 mm (n = 6) and 18.6 ± 0.5 mm (n = 3), respectively, for males and females (Grubb 1982).

Mass

Body mass varies from 18.5 to 26.7 g, averaging 21.1 g ± 2.4 SD (n = 266, Dunning 1984). Both in Ohio and Colorado, body masses of the two sexes are statistically identical (Grubb 1982).